Carbureting apparatus for internal-combustion engines.



R, M. BROWN. CAI-EBURIETING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FIlLED JUNE I 3 |911.

Patented June 1918.

mately to the said flange. Near the underside of the liange. is a series of perforations D3, one -for each groove, the throughway of the perorations being set at right-angles to thev direction of the'grooves and radial to the tube D each air-tube being further centrally alined with its .coperating fuel groove. The bottom of the tube D is open to the atmosphere through its supporting- Vtube C, which extends right through the bottom ofthe well A1 but the topof the tube D has seated on it a valve E. This valve has a spindle E1 which extends down through the tube and through a'bridge piece E2 which projects downward from the bottom of the well A1. The bottom of the spindle is thus kept in position by the bridge-piece and the top is centralized by a ygauze diaphragm H secured within the mixing-chamber A. The valve E 'is free to slide on its spindle E1 and is kept down upon the t0p.;of thetube D by-a spring E3 whichbears at" oneend against the valve and at the other end against a collar E4 on the spindle El. At the bottom end of the.

. spindle El where it'projects -beyond the cap E2, adjusting nuts E5 are provided so thatat the'bottom are left exposed to the fuel in the well'Af. The upper end of' the tube F has a flangel F1 similar tothe ange D1 'on the tube D and perforations F2 are profvided in .this flange which registerl with the perforations D3 in the tube. D. The tube F may be held friction-tight in its proper position on the tube. D, that is, with its p'rforations F2 inregister with theper-vv forations D3, or itl may be ixed to ,the tube v by a screw or other means.

having. in it perforations G3 which register Projecting upward from that-part of the bottom of the mixing-chamber A which surrounds the well A1, is a series of upright vtubes G whose upper ends are situated above the level of the perforations D3, l`2, in the tubes D and F, and whose lower ends extend down through theioatfeed chamber B and communicate with the atmosphere through the-bottom of the said float-feed chamber. A plate G1 controlled by a Bowden wire (not shown) connected to a finger G2 and with the tubes G, can be moved to partially or wholl close the lower ends of the tubes if desire' AtV the top' of the mi ing-chamlier are two of thev guide-member into communication with'the chamber formed between the idemember and the spherical casing J. ithinthe guide-member operates a piston J 3 which is controlled by .'a Bowden-wire J.

K which constitutes the, induction-conduit Communicating with the chamber formed 'within thespherical casing J is a conduit of the engine, and the throttle-valve so far described is a known device. `For the purpose of the present invention, however, an auxiliary air-opening is provided at J V whereby air can be admitted from the atmosphere direct tothe interior of the spherical casing J and thence to the inductionconduit. This air-opening is controlled by a register-plate .1 which canl be adjusted to any desired position on a fixed plate J 7 which issecured over the air-admission orifce. The plate J may be provided with operating means whereby it can be controlled during driving.

The operation of this carbureter is as follows :'-l

When running, the piston J 3 of the throttlc-valve J is pulled back by the Bowdenwire J2 a sufficient distance to open more or less of the ports J2 so that the engine can thus draw mixture from the chamber A through the induction-conduit K. The register-plate Js is kept in the closed position when the engine is working and only opened for scavenging purposes or to cool the engine by admitting pure air to the engine when the vehicle is running free.

The fuel always remains at the level of' the perforations D3 because the grooves D2 are sufficiently fine to draw it up' to this point by capillary attraction and it is discharged thence by the rush of air through the perforations D2. the direction of discharge of the air is at right-angles to that of the discharge ofthe fuel, and as the fuel will be delivered in fine jets owing-to the smallness of the bore of the conduits D2, it will be thoroughly atomized by the action of the air blowing through the perforations D3, which may be termed the atomizing-conduits. The fuel is, of course,

, driven out toward the walls of the mixingchamber by the atomizing air and is thus spread out radially from the tube D in a plane approximately at right-angles to the It will be noted thatimanes enters the mixing-.chamber by the valve E and tubescG. The, admission of air by the valve E is effected by the suction of the engine Which causes the valve to be lifted against the action of its spring E3. The deree of liftpermitted this valve is regulated y the driver by'operatin'g the nuts E5 a@ cording tothe working conditions of the day. The air admitted by the tubes G is regulated by the plate G1 which is operated by the driver as desired.

rlChe gauze diaphragme il, H1 further eliminate any heavy particles of fuel, so that only a mixture of thoroughly atomized par' ticles delivered the engine. i

The carburetor A is convenienti heated, and for this purpose is surroun ed by a jacket'L so vthat a portion of the eXhaust gases or other heating fluid may be passed around it. y

bviously the grooves D2 can be formed in the inner tace of the outer tube F if desired, or partly in the outer tube and partly in the tube'z.

rifhe object of setting the upper ends of the air-tubes Gf at a level which is above that of the discharge from the atomizingconduits DB5 is to prevent the air entering by these .tubes from carrying forward the heavier particlesof fuel. (The lighter particles will rise and be .caught by this incorning air, While the heavier will either strike through the throttle J to 'the Wall ft, as already stated, or will fallv direct to thebottoin and thus return to the Well ith lt Will be appreciated that it might not. be essential in all eases to admit the air by the tubes ti above the level of the fueldischnrge9 but 'they should be so placed that' the air ,entering by them does not catch up the larger atoms or particles of fuel but only ear s the ineij," atoniized fuel forwardto the engine. i'fvthe Walis A are heated, sonne of the fuel which strikes them will be raporiaed and will' thus diridel fuel.

lt' will be appreciated that what has been t''escribed throughout this specification as plurality oiz iuelfiets and ato1niaingzj-conduits, could, in factg taire the torn/1 of a single anni- '-'uel conduit and a corre spending. sin annular atoinizingconduit as will .be readily understood.

By placing the atomizing-conduits D at ir-oxiina'lely ,the height shown in the Living above 'the ciosod bottom oit' thoniirn ingehainber constiti' d i-y the Well itl' and its upper outward lesion, the fuel pre i radial passages ass on 'with the iinely.

`tion oi' the engin' vented from striking the bottoni. of the chamber, which would produrre undue condensaition. rllhe spray comes ifi-oni the oonduits D3 in a :tanshape and when the proportions are approxin'iately those shown in the drawing, the lowest portion of this fan is clear of the said bottom ot the mixing chamber.

The valve E islnot eseential to the apparatus and could be dispensed with, the 'tube D being then closed at the top so that all the air passing' through it has to escape by the atomizing-conduits D3.A All that is neoessary is that the end of the tube D shall be closed or partially closed so as to oder resistance to the incoming air and thus com# pel a considerable portion of the air to pass through the conduits DE'. lt the engine end of the tube D is closed then the resistance of course is absolute7 but with thev spring-con trolled valve E shown., the degree oi resist ance can he variedby adjustingI the tension of the spring E3 by means of the nuts E5.

What l claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. ln a carburetor.. the combination of, a

titi

- mixing chamber, a fuel container, an airadinission tube (D) which extends into the miXing-chamber at one end and at the other `the fuel-container upthe saine with their discharging mouths in the direction of the engine-suction7 the tu ie being provided with situated one at the top of each ueleed conduit which radial passages communicate between the interior of the tube and the xnixingchamber, and. means at vthe inner end of the tube beyond the said radial passages to oiier resistance to the air drawn in trom thel outer end ot the tube? llor the purpose set forth.

2. l'n a earburotln..the combination oi. a mixing-cl'ianibeipe if rontainen an air? L admission tube (llk nich entends into'thc inixii'igciainber i one end and at the other end is in iree communication with the atinospliere, fuel -twil lrapillarv conduits set around the said tube und extent ing from the 3.3.5 fuel-container up thi same t 'their disu charging-inmulis in the direction ci the engine-suction. the tuigie being provided with radial passages lated om at the top oli nach, 'fuel-toed o :fluit which radial passages itt eoninuuiieatr f u the interior oi' the tube and the i, number. and n su tion-valve (it) opens in the diret yit-idiuglycontrolled to vla, o inner und oi tir at a point beyond. the rmlial ainfoior the purpose toi-th.

3. in a 'carinii' lie 'z'oinlgiiuatiou oit. a mining-chauibe nei --rmitaiuer admission tube y unich vr-Inixing-chamber at one .end and at the other end is in free'communication with the atmosphere, fuel-feed capillary conduits seteach fuel-feed conduit Which radial passages communicate between the interior of the tube and the mixing-chamber, and a suction valve (E) which opens in the direc` tion of the engine-suction and is yieldinglycontrolled to close the inner end of the tube at a point beyond the radial air-passages, the stem of which valve is fre'e relatively to the Valve but carries an abutment for a spring above the valve, which spring is in compression between the valve and the said abutment, the said stem being carried down through the bottom of the carbureter where it is provided with adjusting nuts (E5) for ready adjustment of the pressure of the spring, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of, a mixing-chamber, an air-admission tube (D) which extends into the mixing-chamber at one end and at the other end is in free communication with the atmosphere, a fuel-container surrounding the base of the tube but through the bottom of which the tube has communication with the external atmosphere, a close-fitting sleeve (F) on the tube, longitudinal capillary passages formed in one of the contacting surfaces of the sleeve and tube which passages at the bottom have communication with the fuel-container and at lthe top do not extend so far as the top of the tube' but are-inet by transverse radial assages which extend through both the tube and the sleeve, one such radial passage being allotted 'to each longitudinal passage,

and means at the inner end of the tube beyond the said radial passages to oder resistance to the air drawn in from the outer end of the tube, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a carbureter, the combination of, a mixing-chamber, an air-admission tube (D) which extends into the mixing-chamber at one end and at the other end is in free .communication with the atmosphere, a fuelof the tube but are met by transverse' radial passages which extend 'through both' the tube and the sleeve, one such radial passage being allotted to each longitudinal passage, and a suction valve (E) which opens in the direction of the engine-suction and is yieldingly-controlled to close the inner end of the tube at av point beyond the radial airpassages, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a carbureter, the combination of, a mixing-chamber having a bottom for collecting the heavier particles of fuel-spray, the said bottom being so constructed as to prevent these from passing by gravity ont to the external atmosphere and having return draining means to the fuel-mntainer, a fuel-feed capillary conduit extending from the fuel-container to a point in the mixing-chamber which is above the bottom of the said chamber and has its mouth diY rected to discharge in the direction oi the engine-,suctiongan atoinizing-condnit having its discharge-outlet close to the dischargeoutlet of the fuel-conduit but approximately at right-angles-thereto to discharge the fne laterally outward into the surrounding mixing-chamber in the form ot' a spreading jet and having its other end in direct communication with the external atmosphere without communicating with the mixing-cimmber at any point between the discharge end of the atomizing-condnit andi-hat at which the external atmosphere is admitted to the atomizing-condnit, the height of the dischar c end of the fuel-feed conduit from the )ottom ofythe mixing-chamber being such as to insure that. the said spreading jet shall not impinge against this bottom, and means for admitting air to the 1i1ixi1'\gwli;ii1i ber under the action of the enginc-snclimi, the air-admission points being so placed that .the incoming air`doe's not come into the path of the heavier particles of fuel which iall to the draining bottom of the mixing chamber,- for the purpose set forth.

7. In a carbureter, the combination of, a mixing-chamber having a bottom for collecting the heavier particles of fuel-spray, the said bottom being so constructed as to .prevent these from passing by gravity ont tothe external atmosphere and having rc-A turn draining means to the fuel-com'ainer, a

fuel-feed capillary-conduit extending from the fuel-container to a point in the mixingchamber which is above the bottom of the said chamber and has its month directed to discharge in the direction of the enginesuction, an atomizing-conduit having its discharge outlet close to the discharge-outlet of the fuel-conduit but approximately at right-angles thereto to discharge the fuel llaterally outward into the sm'ronnding mix* ing-chamber in the'form of a spreading jet and having its other end in direct communication with the external atmosphere without communicating with the mixing-chainber at any point between the discharge end. of the atomizing-conduit and thatat which the external atmosphere is admitted to the.

charge end of the fuel-feed conduit from the ottom of the mixing-chamber being such as to insure that the said spreading jet shall not impinge against this bottom, and air-admission tubes (G) yprojecting from the bottom of the mixing-chamber and 'eX- tending to a point above the level of the discharge of atomized fuel, Jtor the purpose set forth.

8. ln a carbureter," the combination of, a mixing-chamber having a central Well and a bottom which slopes from the outer walls to the top of the Well, a fuel-container beneath the said bottom and surrounding the well but having communication therewith, an air-admission tube (D) situated Within the well and which extends up therefrom into the mixing-chamber and has free communication through the bottom of the well with the atmosphere, fuel-feed capillary conduits set around the said tube and eX- tending from the Well with Which they have free communication at their lower ends up to points on the tube which lie Within the mixing-chamber at which points the tube is provided with radial passages one allotted to each capillary conduit, and means at the inner end of the tube beyond the said radial passages to oder resistance to the air drawn well and which extends up therefrom into the mixing-chamber and has free communi cation through the bottom of the well 'with the atmosphere, a close-itting sleeve (TE) on' the said tube, longitudinal capillary paslsages formed in one of the contacting-sur faces of the sleeve and tube which passages at the bottom have communieation with the well in Which the tube is situated and at' the top are met by transverse ra'dial paflisages which extend through both the tubeand the sleeve, one such radial passage being .ab lotted to each longitudinal passage, 'and means 'at the inner end of the tube beyond the said radial passages to ofer resistance to the air drawn in from the outer end of the tube, for the purpose set forth,

In testimony whereof 1 have signed my name to this specification.

ROBERT MlLVlLlll BRUWN. 

